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tex (1)
  • >> tex (1) ( Solaris man: Команды и прикладные программы пользовательского уровня )
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  • Ключ tex обнаружен в базе ключевых слов.
  • 
    NAME
         tex, virtex, initex - text formatting and typesetting
    
    SYNOPSIS
         tex [options] [commands]
    
    DESCRIPTION
         This manual page is not meant to be  exhaustive.   The  com-
         plete  documentation for this version of TeX can be found in
         the info file or manual Web2C: A TeX implementation.
    
         TeX formats the interspersed text and commands contained  in
         the  named  files  and outputs a typesetter independent file
         (called DVI, which is short for DeVice Independent).   TeX's
         capabilities and language are described in The TeXbook.  TeX
         is normally used with a large body  of  precompiled  macros,
         and  there  are several specific formatting systems, such as
         LaTeX, which require the support of several macro files.
    
         This version of TeX looks at its command line  to  see  what
         name  it  was called under.  Both initex and virtex are sym-
         links to the tex executable.  When called as initex (or when
         the --ini option is given) it can be used to precompile mac-
         ros into a .fmt file.  When called as virtex it will use the
         plain  format.   When  called under any other name, TeX will
         use that name as the name of the format to use.   For  exam-
         ple,  when  called  as  tex the tex format is used, which is
         identical to the plain format.  The commands defined by  the
         plain  format  are documented in The TeXbook.  Other formats
         that are often available include latex and amstex.
    
         The commands given on the command line to  the  TeX  program
         are  passed to it as the first input line.  (But it is often
         easier to type extended arguments as the first  input  line,
         since  UNIX  shells  tend to gobble up or misinterpret TeX's
         favorite symbols, like backslashes, unless you quote  them.)
         As  described  in  The TeXbook, that first line should begin
         with a filename, a \controlsequence, or a &formatname.
    
         The normal usage is to say
              tex paper
         to start processing paper.tex.  The name paper will  be  the
         ``jobname'',  and  is  used in forming output filenames.  If
         TeX doesn't get a filename in the first line, the jobname is
         texput.   When  looking  for  a file, TeX looks for the name
         with and without  the  default  extension  (.tex)  appended,
         unless  the  name already contains that extension.  If paper
         is the ``jobname'', a log of  error  messages,  with  rather
         more detail than normally appears on the screen, will appear
         in paper.log, and the output file will be in paper.dvi.
    
    
         TeX will look in the first line of the file paper.tex to see
         if  it begins with the magic sequence %&.  If the first line
         begins with %&format --translate-file tcxname then TeX  will
         use the named format and transation table tcxname to process
         the  source  file.   Either  the  format  name  or  the   --
         translate-file specification may be omitted, but not both.
    
         The e response to  TeX's  error  prompt  causes  the  system
         default  editor  to  start  up  at  the  current line of the
         current file.  The environment variable TEXEDIT can be  used
         to  change  the  editor  used.  It may contain a string with
         "%s" indicating where the filename goes and "%d"  indicating
         where the decimal line number (if any) goes.  For example, a
         TEXEDIT string for emacs can be set with the sh command
              TEXEDIT="emacs +%d %s"; export TEXEDIT
    
         A convenient file in the  library  is  null.tex,  containing
         nothing.   When  TeX can't find a file it thinks you want to
         input, it keeps asking you for another filename;  responding
         `null'  gets  you out of the loop if you don't want to input
         anything.  You can also type  your  EOF  character  (usually
         control-D).
    
    OPTIONS
         This version of TeX understands the following  command  line
         options.
    
         --fmt format
              Use format as the  name  of  the  format  to  be  used,
              instead  of  the  name  by which TeX was called or a %&
              line.
    
         --help
              Print help message and exit.
    
         --ini
              Be initex, for dumping formats; this is implicitly true
              if the program is called as initex.
    
         --interaction mode
              Sets the interaction mode.  The  mode  can  be  one  of
              batchmode,  nonstopmode, scrollmode, and errorstopmode.
              The meaning of these modes is the same as that  of  the
              corresponding \commands.
    
         --ipc
              Send DVI output to a socket as well as the usual output
              file.   Whether  this option is available is the choice
              of the installer.
    
         --ipc-start
              As --ipc, and starts the server at  the  other  end  as
              well.   Whether  this option is available is the choice
              of the installer.
    
         --kpathsea-debug bitmask
              Sets path searching debugging flags  according  to  the
              bitmask.  See the Kpathsea manual for details.
    
         --maketex fmt
              Enable mktexfmt, where fmt must be one of tex or tfm.
    
         --mltex
              Enable MLTeX extensions.
    
         --no-maketex fmt
              Disable mktexfmt, where fmt must be one of tex or tfm.
    
         --output-comment string
              Use string for the DVI  file  comment  instead  of  the
              date.
    
         --progname name
              Pretend to be program name.  This affects both the for-
              mat used and the search paths.
    
         --shell-escape
              Enable the \write18{command}  construct.   The  command
              can  be  any  Bourne  shell command.  This construct is
              normally disallowed for security reasons.
    
         --translate-file tcxname
              Use the tcxname translation table.
    
         --version
              Print version information and exit.
    
    ENVIRONMENT
         See the Kpathsearch library documentation (the `Path specif-
         ications'  node)  for precise details of how the environment
         variables are used.  The kpsewhich utility can  be  used  to
         query the values of the variables.
    
         One caveat: In most TeX formats,  you  cannot  use  ~  in  a
         filename  you  give  directly to TeX, because ~ is an active
         character, and hence is expanded, not taken as part  of  the
         filename.   Other  programs,  such  as Metafont, do not have
         this problem.
    
         TEXMFOUTPUT
              Normally, TeX puts its  output  files  in  the  current
              directory.   If any output file cannot be opened there,
              it tries to open it in the directory specified  in  the
              environment  variable TEXMFOUTPUT.  There is no default
              value for that variable.  For example, if you  say  tex
              paper  and  the  current  directory is not writable, if
              TEXMFOUTPUT has the value /tmp, TeX attempts to  create
              /tmp/paper.log  (and  /tmp/paper.dvi,  if any output is
              produced.)
    
         TEXINPUTS
              Search path for \input and \openin files.  This  should
              probably start with ``.'', so that user files are found
              before system files.  An empty path component  will  be
              replaced  with the paths defined in the texmf.cnf file.
              For example, set  TEXINPUTS  to  ".:/home/usr/tex:"  to
              prepend  the current direcory and ``/home/user/tex'' to
              the standard search path.
    
         TEXEDIT
              Command template for switching to editor.  The default,
              usually vi, is set when TeX is compiled.
    
    FILES
         The location of the files mentioned below varies from system
         to  system.   Use  the kpsewhich utility to find their loca-
         tions.
    
         tex.pool
              Encoded text of TeX's messages.
    
         texfonts.map
              Filename mapping definitions.
    
         *.tfm
              Metric files for TeX's fonts.
    
         *.fmt
              Predigested TeX format (.fmt) files.
    
         $TEXMFMAIN/tex/plain/base/plain.tex
              The basic macro package described in the TeXbook.
    
    BUGS
         This version of TeX fails to trap arithmetic  overflow  when
         dimensions are added or subtracted.  Cases where this occurs
         are rare, but when it does the generated DVI  file  will  be
         invalid.
    
    SEE ALSO
         mf(1), undump(1),
         Donald E. Knuth, The TeXbook, Addison-Wesley, 1986, ISBN  0-
         201-13447-0.
         Leslie Lamport,  LaTeX  -  A  Document  Preparation  System,
         Addison-Wesley, 1985, ISBN 0-201-15790-X.
         K.     Berry,     Eplain:      Expanded      plain      TeX,
         ftp://ftp.cs.umb.edu/pub/tex/eplain/doc.
         Michael Spivak, The Joy of TeX, 2nd edition, Addison-Wesley,
         1990, ISBN 0-8218-2997-1.
         TUGboat (the journal of the TeX Users Group).
    
    TRIVIA
         TeX, pronounced properly,  rhymes  with  ``blecchhh.''   The
         proper  spelling in typewriter-like fonts is ``TeX'' and not
         ``TEX'' or ``tex.''
    
    AUTHORS
         TeX was designed by Donald  E.  Knuth,  who  implemented  it
         using  his Web system for Pascal programs.  It was ported to
         Unix at Stanford by Howard Trickey, and at Cornell by  Pavel
         Curtis.  The version now offered with the Unix TeX distribu-
         tion is that generated by the Web to C system (web2c),  ori-
         ginally written by Tomas Rokicki and Tim Morgan.
    
    
    
    


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